Modulate was written for Erica’s project to record the Bach cello suites alongside new repertoire. Modulate is designed to be played between suites IV and II, and as such forms a kind of external modulation between Eb Major and D minor, though it could be programmed on its own. Instead of using a traditional harmonic modulatory device such as common chords, however, the piece expands the idea of modulation to include other possible applications of the term: from rhythmic pulsing (tremolo), through to AM radio and ring modulation. Modulate takes us on a journey from music, via audio technology and the sound of the real world, back to music again.